Portuguese surnames The last name ‘Prado’ means meadow in Spanish. In older The surname Estrela, of Portuguese origin, means "star," symbolizing guidance, hope, and celestial beauty, and is commonly found in Portugal. Next to the surname beginning with vas you will be able to see the number of people who carry that surname in the world. In the example above, Almeida is José Maria’s mother’s last name and de Pais Vieira is the father’s last name. Traditionally, Portuguese last names were patronymic, meaning they were based on the father’s name. Most Popular First Names In Portugal. Check the concentration of the surnames drawn on Pronunciation clear help?: case sensitive: see the pronunciation key for a guide on how to write the sounds; sounds can only be searched in names that have been assigned pronunciations * is a wildcard that will match zero or more letters in the pronunciation example: *lee matches names which end with the sound lee _ is a wildcard that will match exactly one letter in the pronunciation Portuguese last names have a rich and fascinating history that spans centuries, reflecting the country’s complex past and multicultural influences. Pereiris comes from the translation of Welsh name and Cornish name Gellygen Mar 11, 2023 · Find here a list of the most common and famous Portuguese surnames for baby boys, girls, and families. Exams - IELTS, OET, CAEL, CELPIP, TOEFL, all CAMBRIDGE levels, PTE, PSAT, DIGITAL SAT, TOEIC, APTIS, Mar 23, 2021 · Where does the last name Portuguese come from? The Portuguese family names are thus not only famous among the inhabitants of Portugal, but also in Portuguese-speaking nations of Brazil, Angola, Cape Verde, and Mozambique. These surnames may have been adopted as Jews migrated from Spain to Portugal and vice versa. It meaning is will pear tree or pear tree and also european will pear tree. These names have evolved and transformed over time, mirroring the various historical events and societal changes that have shaped Portugal’s identity. Although less common than the ‘Perera’, ‘de Silva’, and ‘Fernando’, ‘Tissera’ is today a This Goan Christian surname is derived from a Portuguese surname. Name Your Roots, Reveal your Spanish or Portuguese ancestry Apr 5, 2024 · While many Goan Catholics have Portuguese surnames, there are also several indigenous surnames that reflect their Indian heritage. There are certain variations, like adding Filho or Junior to the father's name or adding Neto to the grandfather's name or using only the paternal father's surname. Silva 283. A person’s full name typically consists of a given name (often a Christian name) followed by the father’s surname and then the mother’s surname Dec 20, 2023 · CANO – Spanish/Portugal surname referring to a cave, or a French/Italian occupational surname occupational for someone who supplied cane/reeds for thatching. Andrade It is a Portuguese and Spanish surname, which emerged in the 12th century as the family name of the knights and lords. Portugal is a beautiful and sunny country, which has wonderful people with exceptional surnames. Nov 28, 2024 · Gonçalves is a Portuguese language surname, common in Lusophone. It is one of the most popular Portuguese surnames bear witness to historical events and family lineage. ’ It was used as a last name for families living in mountainous areas of Portugal and became popular in Brazil during colonial The surname “Silva,” for example, is a common Portuguese name that originated from the Latin word for “forest. 2. Eustáquio Portuguese From the given name Eustáquio . These surnames often reflect the colonial period and the intermixing of different cultures and languages. " "Azevedo" is a Portuguese surname meaning "place of the h. It is a common surname among Portuguese and those of Sephardic Jewish ancestral lines. co. Bernardo comes from the Greek surname Bernardakis, which translates to ‘brave bear. 13. The Portuguese Legacy: The Backbone of Brazilian Surnames. (Note: Surnames regularly change across generations. Portuguese last names often have roots in Latin, Germanic, and Celtic languages and can be used to trace one's roots and give clues about a person's profession or May 7, 2024 · Spanish and Portuguese surnames, both of which have Latin origins, are also prevalent among Portuguese Sephardic families. 1. Portuguese Surnames. It’s a challenge to accurately determine the origin of Portuguese surnames and their direct connection to a specific region or group. ) Ribeiro, (Eduardo) Sá Gomes and (Albert) Gomes. com. Portuguese is the Romance language spoken in Portugal, Brazil and other places. 51. Names. Variants ‘Texeira’ and ‘Técher’ are also common in Portugal. It can be given in honour of the Mexican-American musician Carlos Santana (1947-), the founder of the Portuguese surnames are rich with history and meaning. The first surname is inherited from the mother's paternal surname, the second (considered the primary surname) is inherited from the father's paternal surname. Argentina f Spanish, Portuguese Portuguese law establishes the need for a child to have at least one personal name and one surname from one of the parents. If you’re not sure whether you’re your surname is potentially Sephardic or not, take a look at Sephardim. Given Brazil’s history as a former Portuguese colony, it’s no surprise that Portuguese surnames are the most common in the country. HUBER – German Nov 28, 2024 · Portuguese Citizenship Requirements for Sephardic Jews . Find out how surnames are ranked in popularity, how many people in the United States of America bear a particular name, and how the statistics change between 1990 and 2000 The surname ‘Tissera’ is derived from the Portuguese surname ‘Teixeira’ which refers to a ‘texio’ or ‘yew tree’. Several Portuguese surnames are derived either from the occupation or the social and economic status of a person’s ancestors. Explore the most common surnames in Portugal. This is a list of surnames in which the origin is Portuguese. It is a toponymic surname for those who inhabited a region close along the banks of river Lima in Portugal. Portuguese (African) Submitted Surnames. If José Maria were to have a sister, she might be called something like Daniela Almeida de Jan 10, 2025 · The Origin of Portuguese Surnames. A Portuguese individual has two surnames: one taken from the mother and the other from the father. Portuguese nationality may be granted to all those descendants of Portuguese Sephardic Jews who after leaving Portugal, due to religious persecution, travelled far and wide, whether in an organized manner or not, as part of a Aug 3, 2018 · Discover the ethnic origin and meaning of last names. In Portugal, the surname typically follows the first name and is inherited from the father. The name did not survive long after the Norman Conquest, but it was revived in the 18th century, in part due to a character by this name in Walter Scott's novel The Bride of Maybe you’ve been told you have a Portuguese surname, for example. Find out how surnames are ranked in popularity, how many people in the United States of America bear a particular name, and how the statistics change between 1990 and 2000 US Censuses. Find out how Portuguese surnames are Nov 16, 2023 · Learn about the rich and diverse history of Portuguese surnames, derived from various sources and influences. Montalvo is a habitational Portuguese and Spanish surname that originated in the medieval period. In the past, Santana f & m Spanish (Latin American), Portuguese (Brazilian), English (Modern) From a contraction of Santa Ana (referring to Saint Anna) or from a Spanish and Portuguese surname derived from any of the numerous places named for the saint. Many Brazilian surnames come from Tupi-Guarani words, creating beautiful names that connect to nature and the land. Learn about the most popular Portuguese surnames or last names and their meanings and origins. Rank Forename Incidence Frequency; 1: Ana: 398,414: 1:26: 2: Mária: Jul 13, 2024 · The general rule for Brazil and I believe for Portugal too: christian name (single or double) + paternal mother's surname + paternal father's surname. Sometimes, deciphering names in an old handwritten document is not as easy as one might suppose. Puerta. Read More About This Surname Jan 5, 2025 · The most common surnames in Portugal in 2025. Explore the most common, popular, rare, and exotic Portuguese last names, and their meanings and origins. Select filters then press SEARCH below Edgar m English, French, Portuguese, German Derived from the Old English elements ead "wealth, fortune" and gar "spear". The name was often given to families who lived near or on a white mountain or hill, and can be interpreted as "white mountain". Usage clear: Language clear + Letters. In the early years of Brazil, the Catholic Church registered babies without a surname. Discover the various elements that contribute to the meanings behind Portuguese last names, such as occupation, geography, patronymics, Learn how Portuguese surnames reflect the country's history, culture and traditions. Mar 22, 2023 · Most Common Brazilian Surnames. These surnames often denote the family’s Portuguese ancestry and reflect the historical ties between Angola and Portugal. 194. Next to the surname beginning with all you will be able to see the number of people who carry that surname in the world. 8. It is the altered spelling for Leca, which is the name of various places in Portugal. Discover some of the most common and unique names from Portugal and their stories. The acquisition of surnames was simple: They were the Feb 3, 2021 · Subcategories. Only in the 19th century that registration became standard in Brazil and began to include surnames on birth certificates. Learn about the origins and meanings of common Portuguese last names, such as Costa, Silva, and Fernandez. Leonah. Sep 16, 2019 · Due to colonization, a large number of the families in Brazil have a surname with a Portuguese origin. It is a toponymic surname from any of the several places and locations named Amorin or Amorim in Portugal. Despite their expulsion from the Iberian Peninsula, many Sephardic Jewish communities have retained not only their use of the Portuguese language but 4 days ago · User-submitted Reference . These surnames reflect the first bearers’ characteristics, professions, or Jan 18, 2018 · Portuguese last names are formed from family names, which is really lovely as it celebrates the heritage from both sides of the family. A notable bearer was the Portuguese-born Brazilian singer Aug 3, 2018 · Discover the ethnic origin and meaning of last names. Either the claim of Sephardic surnames is wrong, or there Is this a common surname in Portugal? This is my maiden last name and my ancestor’s results were mostly Portuguese. Oct 16, 2024 · The Portuguese carried their surnames with them when they migrated to various parts of the world. Portugal’s maritime exploration and colonial expansion led to the adoption of last names that were associated with ships, navigational terms, and even geographic locations. Pereiris Medieval Portuguese (Latinized, Rare, Archaic), Galician (Latinized, Rare, Archaic) Pereiris (also known as Pereirus) is a last name of the Celtic roots (it's Galician and Portuguese). An index to over 60,000 marriage records, including date and place of marriage and the names of the bride and groom. Initial clear: Start clear This table show popular Portuguese surnames. Examples of Spanish and Portuguese surnames include Rodrigues, Nunes, and Pereira. From the influence of geography to the role of occupations and social status, Portugal Surname Map | Rankings | App | Surname history | Info | E-Mail: Welcome to official web-site of Surname Maps of Portugal Enter the surname and press the "Search" button to generate the map. Copies may be made for personal use only. Surnames include Abreu, Affonso, d’Andrade, Cabral, Carvalho, Coelho, Farinha, de Freitas, Fernandes, Jan 14, 2025 · Ao longo dos anos, determinados apelidos ganharam popularidade e consolidaram-se como os mais comuns em Portugal, cada um com o seu significado e origem. Home » Submitted Names. It is one of the most popular surnames in Portugal, it is a toponymic surname, derived from the Latin ‘silva’ which means ‘jungle’. Eles são apenas Português sobrenomes, ou existem sobrenomes de outros países? Todas as informações sobre sobrenomes no mundo. It comes from Latin and means ‘mountain range. Last names signify the origin and family background quite effectively. Its origin classification is given by the fact that it was derived from the founder's family name. In fact, you may notice some Brazilian last names in this list since Portuguese is the official language of Brazil. See also about Portuguese names. Silva. Jul 4, 2024 · Portuguese names combine Portugal’s linguistic and religious history to create names with the musical tones of Romance languages and strong cultural impacts. In most cultures, a surname, family name, or last name indicates one’s family, tribe, or community. Superbly experienced Tutor - General + Business English, Interviews, All levels. Spain and Portugal were the leading world powers of the “Age of Discovery” or the “Age of Exploration” in the 15th century. These family name coat or arms have been drawn from accurate descriptions and references from only original Jun 19, 2021 · 110 Popular Portuguese Surnames or Family Names with Meanings. Therefore, each name and surname have its importance and historical Jan 8, 2025 · Portuguese Last Name Statistics demography. Portuguese earn a lot less than the average income. Oct 20, 2005 · This collection of names was compiled by Kate Monk and is ©1997, Kate Monk. Avellar Portuguese. Forebears knows about 40,825 unique forenames in Portugal and there are 255 people per name. It comes from the Spanish words monte, meaning "mount", and albo, meaning "white". Noms de Famille Portugais. Another origin could be ‘Abraao,’ which is the Portuguese form of ‘Abraham. It can be given in honour of the Mexican-American musician Carlos Santana (1947-), the founder of the Apr 4, 2024 · For example, surnames of Portuguese, Dutch, and British origin can be found among Sri Lankan families. Furthermore, Portugal’s diverse landscape and Jan 14, 2025 · Os sobrenomes mais comuns em Portugal em 2025. It is common for women to retain their maiden name after marriage, but they may also choose to take their husband's surname. Test your knowledge on this language quiz and compare your score to others. Lessa. Therefore, each name and surname have its importance and historical reference. These surnames were given to Jews who were forcibly baptized to become New Christians in Portugal, otherwise known as Conversos in Spain. Looking for Portuguese surnames starting with vas? We've sorted all the Portuguese surnames starting with vas in order of popularity. 7 th in Brazil 59 th in Mexico 28 th in Venezuela 8 th in Chile 31 st in Argentina 31 st in Peru 79 th in Colombia 7 th in Guinea-Bissau 111 st The above list contains over 600 Portuguese family names (Portuguese Last Names) that we have coat of arms for. Some examples: Portuguese Origin Surnames. Names Generator Countries. Home » Names. The law also establishes the maximum number of names allowed: up to two personal names and four surnames. Portuguese names commonly revolve around religious Pronunciation clear help?: case sensitive: see the pronunciation key for a guide on how to write the sounds; sounds can only be searched in names that have been assigned pronunciations * is a wildcard that will match zero or more letters in the pronunciation example: *lee matches names which end with the sound lee _ is a wildcard that will match exactly one letter in the pronunciation Portuguese names are used in Portugal, Brazil, and other Portuguese-speaking regions. Go ahead and pick one that you think will work best last name for you. This is a list of surnames in which the language is Portuguese. Use this list of surnames to assist you in . This presentation will explain how family names developed in the Iberian Peninsula and how 5 days ago · Portugal Catholic Marriage Index (1670-1910). These names are a subset of Portuguese names used more often in Africa (in regions where Portuguese is spoken as a first or second language). 52. A famous bearer of this surname is Portuguese footballer Cristiano Ronaldo. Find out how these names are related to places, people, animals, plants, and more in Portugal and other countries. More Filters. (previous page) () A list of surnames in which the language is Portuguese. [1] Advice from the Ministério da Justiça says of this restriction that a name "may contain a maximum of six simple words or Pick the common Portuguese last name based on an explanation of its meaning or origin, according to ancestry. Sá Gomes was born in São Pedro, Madeira and was a pioneer of calypso Brazilian Portuguese Origin Surnames. 9. It refers to those who inhabited a place called Abreu in Minho province of Portugal. WorldNames. Jan 9, 2025 · Discover the origins of last names from Portugal - uncover fascinating meanings behind Portuguese surnames. Jun 1, 2024 · Sephardic Surnames in the Portuguese Isles An index compiled and prepared by Mathilde Tagger and Jeff Malka Search the Database (may use one or more search fields) Search hints: (See FAQ button for additional tips): Consider alternative or partial spellings of names Surname: is exactly May 16, 2021 · Recalling the presence of the Portuguese in our nation today are over 100 Portuguese surnames (and some surnames have also become street and other place names), including those associated with the Jewish Portuguese. Learn about the origin, meaning and usage of Portuguese surnames from various regions and countries. Mar 29, 2024 · Most Portuguese last names have been derived from a person’s ancestors’ occupation or socio-economic status. In Portugal and other Portuguese-speaking countries, it is common for individuals to have both their mother's and father's surnames. SILVIA is an Americanized version of the Portuguese surname Silva, which is derived from the Latin silvae and Portuguese silva words meaning “forest,” “woodland,” or “jungle. For example, some say that surnames related to trees, like Pereira or Oliveira, have their origin in Judaism, although this isn’t true in all cases of Portuguese people with Jan 1, 2025 · A streetcar in Portugal. Browse a list of common and rare names, and filter by letters, sounds, syllables and Dec 17, 2024 · Learn about the origin, history and meaning of Portuguese surnames or last names. Browse Portuguese Surnames by Alphabets/Letters. Select filters then press SEARCH below + Usage or language. ’ Rui Bento is a former Portuguese footballer who played in the national league. This way we can offer you a list with the most common Portuguese surnames beginning with all. This is a list of surnames in which the origin is Brazilian Portuguese. Just as in some other countries, these last names came from various sources. Traditionally, Goan Catholic names follow a strict pattern. It is worth noting that surnames in Sri Lanka have evolved over time and continue to do so. ” This variation of the surname SILVA was often adopted by Portuguese immigrants upon Dec 3, 2019 · New Christian Surnames. Check out this alphabetical list of popular Portuguese last names for baby boys and baby girls and choose the perfect one. Lima. ’ The Portuguese adopted the surname around the Middle Ages, and it later reached Brazil. Abreu. This section gives key Dec 20, 2024 · Common Portuguese-origin surnames include: Silva (meaning “forest” or “woodland”) Santos (meaning “saints”) Oliveira (meaning “olive tree”) Pereira (meaning “pear tree”) Indigenous Contributions. 3k. Jan 9, 2025 · Examples of toponymic surnames are Almeida (a Portuguese surname, though one derived from Arabic and referring to ‘the table’, meaning an ancestor came from a plateau-like region), Deschamps (a French surname indicating an ancestor came ‘from the field’) and Van Eyck (a Dutch surname indicating an ancestor was ‘from oak’, meaning Santana f & m Spanish (Latin American), Portuguese (Brazilian), English (Modern) From a contraction of Santa Ana (referring to Saint Anna) or from a Spanish and Portuguese surname derived from any of the numerous places named for the saint. The Spanish form is Gonzalo, progenitor of the common Spanish surname Gonzalez. 1 day ago · The most frequent surnames in Portugal. This category has the following 200 subcategories, out of 1,394 total. Those applicants may obtain the certificate, even if they cannot find "Portuguese” surnames in their known genealogy. Portugal Genealogical Resources. 64% less than the national average, earning $24,750 USD per year. portugiesische Nachnamen . Oliveira HAS ITS Origin surname in Portugal and was an early surnames Get an A become popular in Brazil , IN A Simple Reason What The Brazil was discovered and colonized by the Portuguese . LEVY – From the family of Levi. Portuguese surnames provide valuable insights into family history and genealogy, as they often convey information about an individual's ancestry, occupation, or place of origin. 23% more likely to be registered Republicans than The US average, with 80% being registered with the party. Children typically take their father's surname, but in some cases, they may take 2 days ago · Most Common Surnames in Portugal Most Common Forenames in The World Most Common Surnames in The World. Portuguese last names have diverse origins, with different factors contributing to their formation. The father’s name is mainly added to the personal name, and the mother’s name is rarely used in isolation. See the full list of frequent and popular last names of Portugal. J. Quiz by hatefulmissy May 12, 2018 · Portuguese surnames are mentioned in various calypsos, such as those mentioning (J. Bernardo. Many families have adopted new surnames or Aguinaldo m Spanish (Rare), Portuguese (Brazilian), Portuguese (African), Italian (Archaic) Transferred use of the surname Aquino. Occupation, geography, patronymics, matronymics, and even nobility have played significant roles in shaping these surnames. Most Common Surnames in Portugal. In addition to Portuguese last names, there are also Angolanized versions of these surnames that have Dec 27, 2024 · Marques Surname User-submission: The Marques surname is of Portuguese origin and is regarded as patronymic. Avelar Portuguese This indicates familial origin within the eponymous parish of the municipality of Ansião. Today, Spanish and Portuguese surnames constitute the main corpus of family names in all Latin America and have an important influence in the United States. Mar 12, 2017 · The general rule for Brazil and I believe for Portugal too: christian name (single or double) + paternal mother's surname + paternal father's surname. Jan 8, 2020 · This Portuguese last name was likely used as a nickname for someone with a pale complexion. It is a patronymic surname (derived from the name of a male ancestor) from the latinised Visigothic personal name, Gundisalvus, in Portuguese: Gonçalo. Neste artigo iremos explorar os apelidos mais comuns em Portugal, proporcionando uma interessante visão de como estas raízes familiares influenciaram a sociedade portuguesa Nov 11, 2024 · A surname is definitely a good place to start, but be aware that having a Portuguese or Spanish-sounding surname isn’t enough. A-Z. usage. Marianan Norwegian Omani Pakistani Palauan Palestinian Panamanian Papua New Guinean Paraguayan Peruvian Pitcairn Islander Polish Portuguese Puerto Rican Qatari Romanian Russian Rwandan Saint Helenian Saint Sep 23, 2023 · Portuguese last names, or apelidos, are inherited from both parents and can be in any order. In Other Countries. In United States they earn 42. Explore Now! Serra is a common last name in Portugal and Spain. This could be due to the widespread use of abbreviations or to the difficulty in reading the handwriting. . ’ Demonymic surname refering to Aveiro a city in middle north-eastern Portugal. It is important to note that many Portuguese Looking for Portuguese surnames starting with all? We've sorted all the Portuguese surnames starting with all in order of popularity. This practice reflects a cultural tradition and serves to honor both sides of a person's family. Considering that these conversions took The Portuguese surname translates to ‘blessed. Cognomi Portoghese. This way we can offer you a list with the most common Portuguese surnames beginning with vas. In The United States Portuguese are 33. Aug 22, 2024 · The surname Aceves is of Spanish origin and is derived from the personal name "Aceve" or "Aceves," which is a patronymic form of "Azevedo. The termination "es" in these surnames has the meaning "son of". Many surnames come from the names of noble families or influential figures who played significant roles in the Learn how Portuguese last names reflect the rich history and cultural heritage of the people. Antunes Get a free, personalized and printable name analysis based on hundreds of historical records of the Spanish and Portuguese surnames and references found in libraries, archives, and museums. Understanding the origin and structure of these names sheds light on Portuguese culture and tradition. Portugal. Are they just Portuguese surnames, or are there surnames from other countries? All the information about surnames in the world. Examples of these Portuguese surnames include Marques (meaning “marquis Jan 5, 2020 · List Of Common Portuguese Surnames Or Last Names 1. This is a compilation with the 110 most common surnames in Portugal, which reflect the cultural particularities of the Portuguese nation. May 20, 2024 · Portuguese Surnames The following websites contain lists of common Portuguese Surnames Nos Portugueses Índice de Apelidos; BYU Script Tutorial List of Surnames; Behind the Name Lit of Surnames; Key Words [edit | edit source] To find and use specific types of Portuguese records, you will need to know some key words. Discover the fascinating stories behind the most common names and their meanings, such as Silva, Santos, Fernandes and more. However, this practice has changed over time, and now Portuguese last names can be based on a variety of factors, including the mother’s name, a Miranda Spanish, Portuguese Habitational name from any of the numerous places in Spain and Portugal bearing this name, possibly derived from Latin mirandus "admirable, wonderful". The surname ‘Prado’ comes from places called ‘Prado’ in Spain and Portugal. Jan 26, 2023 · Generated Last Names: Leite; Gaspar; Lopes; Portuguese Last Name Generator. Puerta is a Spanish surname that means ‘door’ or ‘gate. Nunes Portuguese names are used in Portugal, Brazil, and other Portuguese-speaking regions. · 2 days ago · Forebears knows about 74,805 unique surnames in Portugal and there are 139 people per name. A 2008 genetic survey found that almost 20% of the male population in the Iberian peninsula has Sephardic Jewish ancestry. origin Close. In Portugual , the prefecture originated Oct 2, 2024 · each other Ladino, the language used by Sephardim expelled from Spain and Portugal in the fifteenth century, derived from cas telhano and Portuguese and currently spoken by about 150,000 people in existing communities in Israel, Turkey, the former Yugoslavia, Greece, Morocco and in America a-rich, among many other places. Patronymic and Matronymic. Another survey in 2018 found that Latin Americans also appear to have significant amounts of Sephardic Jewish DNA. This name is Mark, a popular name in Portugual. Besides May 29, 2024 · Portuguese last names, on the other hand, have strong ties to the country’s seafaring history. ’ It is a surname that originated from where Jun 19, 2021 · 110 Popular Portuguese Surnames or Family Names with Meanings. It is classified as being Geographic Origin , Once Oliveira That would be a tree produces an olive ( olive ). Learn more » 1 day ago · On various website all 100 of the 100 most common Portuguese (Christian) surnames have been stated to be Jewish, as well as 99 of the 100 most common Spanish surnames. Historically, Portuguese surnames consisted of a combination of paternal and maternal surnames, with the latter often being dropped over time. Here is a Portuguese names often appear long due to the inclusion of multiple surnames. usage 2 days ago · Explore 31 million surname origins, meanings, distribution maps and demographics @ Forebears, the largest database of last names. Most people have one or two given names, followed by two or more surnames. Jun 5, 2024 · Some common Portuguese last names found in Angola include Silva, Santos, Fernandes, Pereira, and Costa, among others. Likely in some cases it has been used as a given name in honour of the 13th-century saint Thomas Aquinas. Surnames. ” It was often adopted by noble families who owned vast lands and forests. This was the name of a 10th-century English king, Edgar the Peaceful. You will need a lot more than that. ynvkg cdfghj vlr djh kikj eyidu xrsg bvyf scuvmw zliu