Cold water scale inhibitor

Cold water scale inhibitor. Product Details. KEPLER WT 121 is high performance chemical formulation developed for the treatment of potable water systems. The CalMag unit can also be adapted for use with pushfit fittings. Adey Magnetic Compression Fitting MagnaScale 2 15mm (589HA) compare. I once heard of an experiment, where the water was continually passing through an inhibitor to a heater and the water Jul 18, 2020 · Scaling in natural hard water is a major concern in different facets of industrial processes and domestic installations (Fig. ScaleWizard. Navien PeakFlow®A the complete package. They aid in keeping the membranes from fouling so that the water will flow smoothly through. If like 60 per cent of the UK, you live in a hard water area, you’ll Electrolytic Scale Inhibitors are suitable for individual appliance & whole house protection. i know they are meant to be fitted after the stopcock for the property and before the system branches but the poles who did the renovation to the flat removed the old one and never fitted a new stopcock! and where the water comes into the Feb 28, 2024 · Waterdrop AP431 Cartridge, Whole House Scale Inhibitor Inline Water System, Replacement for Aqua-Pure AP431 Hot Water Scale Inhibitor for AP430SS dummy SimPure 40/200 Micron Spin Down Sediment Filter, Reusable Whole House Sediment Water Filter, Pre-Filtration System for City/Well Water, 1" MNPT + 3/4" FNPT + 3/4"MNPT, BPA Free The CalGlow Magnetic and Electrolytic Scale Inhibitor is a product designed to prevent the build up of limescale, and is suitable for cold water line installation. mixing of synthetic brines (formation water and seawater) at. RXSOL ORG - 16 (Condenser Water Scale & Corrosion Inhibitor) contains an organic sequestrant, which will prevent the formation of scale on heat transfer surfaces. You can fight the Ca+ that results in limescale in two methods. Polyphosphates, included in this product, help to inhibit scale build-up in hot water heaters (both standard (gas or electric TRUSTED SUPPLIERS TO THE MERCHANT INDUSTRY SINCE 1984 BS7593:2019 What you need to know FIND OUT MORE First for Quality Water Treatment Products Scalemaster® developed the first Electrolytic Limescale Inhibitor in 1984. Limescale can build up on heating elements and other surfaces of a boiler and reduce its energy efficiency. Magnetic scale inhibitor. FREE on all orders over £85. Deposit accumulations in cooling water systems reduce the efficiency of heat transfer and the carrying capacity of the water distribution system. The problems increase as water heats up. Rusco 34-100-F 34-100-F Rusco 3/4-100-F Polyester Screened Spin-Down Filter. Appropriate guidelines are published through documents such as the BG/29 and BG/50 from BSRIA and British Standards documents such the formation of scale. Delivery. Easy to install with 1" inlet/outlet connections and clips. Heavy-duty mounting bracket. Uses magnetism to alter the characteristics of hard water, preventing scale from sticking to heat exchange surfaces. Orders by 3PM central ship today. Suitable for use on cold water lines and helps to prevent the formation of limescale build-up. BENEFITS. This paper describes the results of a laboratory testing program that evaluated 98 potential-scale inhibitors and 20 scale-removal agents. CalTronic creates variable frequency waves to create an electrical pulse in water. Back to Scale Inhibitors. When used in a hard water area, BWT’s Wrappa can help extend the life of your house­hold slow or stop scale development in water frameworks [1–5]. A few examples of organophosphate scale inhibitors commonly used in cooling systems include: 1-hydroxyethylidene 1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTC) Amino phosphonate scale inhibitors include: Diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) (DETPMP) Feb 3, 2022 · Abstract Presence and deposition of sparingly soluble salts, known as scale, has been one of utmost damaging problems of circulating water. Please note: Scale inhibitors are not suitable for eliminating hard scale in kettles. The unit is supplied as standard with 15mm compression fittings. - ⁠Effective on treated water are easier to clean. Login or Register. Considering the facts, this review article summarized the concept of scale, various green scale inhibitors, types, mechanisms, comparative performance, significance, and future aspects of green scale inhibitors, which will shed light and be helpful for the professionals working in the oil and gas industries. It works by altering the structure of the hardness salts, inducing coagulation and providing benefits to a range of appliances from kettles to showers and […] Professional quality electrolytic scale inhibitor, designed for easy installation into new or existing systems. Moosec Electronic Water Descaler. No earth bonding needed. £44. Up-flow system design with easy access to distribution tube and upper and lower baskets. Nov 26, 2015 · Scale inhibitor is an indispensable chemical in water and non-water segment. 2010; Li et al. The Liff range of phys­ical water condi­tioners from BWT work by altering the char­ac­ter­is­tics of the hard­ness minerals within the feed water to help prevent limescale forming. Scale Prevention. The unit comes complete with 22mm compression fittings and no earth bonding is required. 6mm of scale build-up reduces boiler efficiency by as much as 11%; increasing. woodlands40 Posts: 6 Forumite. only a month in but looks good. If left untreated, energy efficiency is reduced. The inhibitor provides whole protection for a whole house from soft limescale. Less than 10p per week to run. Can be mounted vertically or horizontally. Suitable for Domestic & Commercial Properties. Compres­sion and push- fit models avail­able. As little as 1. Scale reducers increase the lifespan of appliances, keeping them running at optimum levels for longer. scale that has formed around taps, sinks and showers etc will begin softening with regular contact with treated water. The magnetic scale inhibitor is made for easy installation into new or existing systems. This product is still the only in-line Electrolytic Scale Inhibitor to be fully independently* tested and proven to extend boiler lifetime by up … Home Read More » Addition of scale inhibitors is the most common method for controlling scale deposition, using antiscalants can reduce scaling on heat exchange surface, increase cooling water concentration ratio and lift efficiency during the desalination processes (Greenlee et al. Unlike a water soft­ener a scale inhibitor will not soften the treated water and the 4. Protects combi boilers, hot water heaters, electric showers, hot water 715337. Overall, if you’re looking for an affordable and eco-friendly solution to prevent the build-up of hard scale deposits in your boiler, then the Boiler-m8 NeoCal Magnetic Hard Water Lime Product details. £21. BWT LIFF Limefighter2 Compact 15mm Push Fit Magnetic Scale Inhibitor LFP2-15. We provide two types of limescale filters, some to act as a limescale remover and others that will inhibit scale build-up. Domestic. The scale inhibitor water treatment helps extend the life of downstream water-using appliances such as water heaters, washing machines and dishwashers, as well as plumbing fixtures like faucets, pipes and shower heads by reducing scale build-up and corrosion. Protects combi boilers, hot water heaters, electric showers, hot water Jan 23, 2024 · 【High Flow Rate】3/4 " NPT inlet/outlet ensures high flow rate of 10 GPM to keep stable water pressure. • For whole house protection, plumb into incoming cold water mains supply pipe just after the stopcock. Features: Contains Silliphos, a 100% food grade scale inhibitor approved by the USDA Helps protect piping system from corrosion Easy to install and change out cartridge An electromagnetic physical water conditioner uses the principles of magnetism to inhibit formations of hard crystalline scale within hot and cold water services. WRAS approved. Jan 1, 2022 · Scale inhibitors are polymeric and/or nonpolymeric organic compounds, which dissolve into formation water to prevent scale deposition. energy costs and exposing costly appliances to scale damage. Protects Individual Appliances. 218g (15mm compression); 310g (22mm compression); 220g (15mm push-fit); 362g (22mm push-fit) 320g (15mm compression); 430g (22mm compression)‎. £49. Therefore, adding scale inhibitors that exhibit desired efficiencies to control scale is so Apr 9, 2024 · A scale inhibitor is typically installed on the cold water supply line before it enters the boiler or appliance it is intended to protect. Installs directly in your water line. Suit­able for cold and hot water. The first is temporarily by using a limescale reducer. 38 (in pure water) and 2. Suitable for installation on cold water lines, for preventing the build-up of limescale. A large number of compounds are known to inhibit scale formation by removing the scale forming ions and suspended solids from the water. BWT AQA nano Basic limescale protec­tion of up to 356 PPM and flow rates of up to 25 litres per minute. Requiring no power supply or chem­i­cals, the Limescale Protec­tion for single appli­ance and commer­cial premises. AP430SS 3M Aqua-Pure Water Heater Scale Inhibitor System + AP431 Inline Water Filter. The protocol involved parameters such as pH, contact Details. This easy to install under the sink water filtration system is made from high quality components and filter media to offer exceptional contaminant rejection rate and scale reduction, while providing long-lasting, reliable performance. Help fight and prevent limescale with the Liff Limefighter 15mm Compression Magnetic Scale Inhibitor LFC2-15. To help industrial operations overcome these issues, Solenis offers a comprehensive portfolio of scale inhibitors and antiscalants that address virtually every type of scale, including common calcium scales and less common barium, magnesium, manganese, silicate and sulfate scales. The unit is also Compres­sion 22mm. Scale reducers and limescale inhibitors protect plumbing systems against the damage caused by hard water and limescale. The Si peak is assigned to SiO 2 –NH 2 in the as-synthesized SiO 2 –NH 2 /PASP scale inhibitor (Fig Chapter 25 - Deposit And Scale Control-Cooling System. Calmag Water Conditioners offer a low cost solution to limescale prevention when water softening is not required. Push- fit 15mm Magnetic inline scale inhibitor and scale reducer. 29 November 2005 at 10:28AM in In my home (includes DIY) MoneySaving. ScaleRx Scale Inhibitor Features. com. Product data sheet Center magnetic scale inhibitor Product Codes 609935 - 15mm 609936 - 22mm Specification: • Diameter: 25mm and 35mm . Scalemaster 28mm Gold Electrolytic Scale Reducer Compression Inhibitor 402031. The unique combination of a magnetic, and Anti Scale systems are able to treat hot or cold water supplies and provide protection from the negative effects of hard water. It is lower than that at 95°C by between 2. 3 µm in diameter), controlled released, solid scale inhibitors particles that can be added to the injection carrier (aqueous or liquid hydrocarbon phase), and small enough that can be transported through the formation (Collins et al. £179. The non-intrusive CalTronic electronic scale inhibitor is easy and quick to install – simply wrap the aerial wires around pipework and plug into a standard household socket. Hi All,Ive been asked to fit a inline electrolytic scale inhibitor by a mate. 3/4-inch NPT inlet/outlet connections for easy installation and high flow rates (rated for up to 10 GPM). Will be adding one to washing machine soon … as we have been through 3 machines in 10 years Jan 1, 2016 · Scale inhibitor is an indispensable chemical in water and non-water segment. 0. Installing the CalLytic Mini, Electrolytic Scale Inhibitor on cold water lines protects pipework, boilers and hot water using appliances against the damaging effects of hard scale. - ⁠Suitable for Potable water systems. In most cases, it has been BWT Electromagnetic One-Sided Connection Electronic Scale Inhibitor 12V. Buy 15 mm Scale Inhibitors at Screwfix. An optimization protocol for the sorption process of the metal ions on the polymer surface was proposed and executed. Helping prevent the formation of deposits and reduce the need for costly, time-consuming intervention and cleanout, polymer scale inhibitors and antiscalants work in complex production waters and in extreme, high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of different synthetic approaches to manufacturing various oilfield scale inhibitors. Compres­sion 15mm Elec­trolytic inline scale inhibitor and scale reducer. Dec 1, 2008 · ESplumber. You can also use a softener that permanently prevents limescale buildup via ion exchange. High strength fiberglass tank with a flexible, zippered, neoprene cover. Length: 154 mm. Boiler-m8 Electrolytic Scale Reducer. The common inorganic inhibitors used are sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate. • Operating temperature 4°C - 40°C • Do not allow to freeze • Maximum operating pressure 8 bar • Do not solder Stuart Catalytic-Magnetic Water Conditioner (up to 1260 l/min) Developed specifically for commercial and industrial applications, the Stuart Water Conditioner CM We offer an extensive range of highly effective magnetic and catalytic scale reducers and water conditioners for all appications and sectors. co. The CalMag magnetic scale inhibitor is suitable for installation on cold water lines for preventing the formation of limescale. BWT LIFF Limebeater Electrolytic Scale Reducer. - High performance Scale corrosion and Deposit inhibitor. Can be installed on the incoming main for whole house protection, or on the cold feed to an individual appliance. Jul 27, 2021 · Limescale Water Inhibitor Vs. Sep 23, 2021 · The EDS characterization and Si element mapping of SiO 2 –NH 2 /PASP are shown in Fig. Jul 1, 2012 · The aim of this study was to determine efficiency of scale. 2011). American Valve’s ScaleRx Ion Polarization Scale Prevention systems are designed to treat water with elevated levels of dissolved calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate to prevent the formation of calcite crystals, or limescale, on downstream components. Typical limescale water inhibitors have limits towards their extent of softening. Product details. The paper also describes a field testing program in which various removal methods and inhibitor placement techniques were evaluated in 19 wells, and it compares field and laboratory results. 99 each You can contact our customer service team by telephone on 0330 123 4123, or via email at customerservices@wickes. Scalemaster‚ Electrolytic Scale Inhibitor for whole house protection using proven patented technology. Designed for easy instal­la­tion, its compact size and high quality finish makes it ideal for where space is limited or the instal­la­tion is visible. It requires no plumbing and has a 25 year maintenance free design life. Suitable for compression pipe. A single polarity is induced, resulting in the prevention of hard scale formation and a Jul 23, 2018 · The correct water treatment of closed water systems will ensure compliance with numerous regulations as well as protecting the systems from attack from slime forming bacteria and the effects of scale and corrosion. The Fernox Electrolytic Scale Reducer range uses electrolytic principles to prevent the build-up of scale throughout the home, and remains effective for up to 10 years, dependent on water usage. 09. These products include proprietary scale control chemistries and Jan 27, 2021 · The 3M Aqua-Pure Whole House Scale Inhibition Inline Water System AP430SS is designed to help reduce scale build-up and corrosion - thereby helping to extend the life on hot water-using appliances such as water heaters (standard (gas or electric) and tank-less), boilers, clothes washers and dishwashing machines, and on plumbing fixtures like faucets, pipes, and shower heads. Durable All-Metal Construction. WEIGHT. Helps meet Part L of the Building Regulations and achieve cost Product details. Jul 15, 2017 · Novel solid-state phosphorus-containing polymer was synthesized, characterized and investigated as anti-scaling agent for the removal of alkaline earth metals ions from water. Any scale that has formed around taps, sinks, showers, etc, will begin softening with regular contact with Limescale Filter Cartridges. ELECTROLYTIC SCALE INHIBITOR MODEL. Please see Calmag water filtration for better water for drinking and cooking. Click & Collect. They are effective at low concentration (2–5 ppm for CaCO 3 and 10–12 ppm for CaSO 4). Wrappa LW2 Compact elec­tronic scale inhibitor. - BBC Science Focus Magazine The non-intrusive CalTronic electronic scale inhibitor is easy and quick to install – simply wrap the aerial wires around pipework and plug into a standard household socket. This means that, this can be used as a hot or cold water closed loop additive. high It’s a Polymer-based scale and corrosion inhibitor. 25 (in 5 molal NaCl solution). Researchers also studied di erent types of scales and methods to prevent them from using scale inhibitors. 2006 ). uk. May 16, 2024 · Limescale reducers or limescale inhibitors as they are also known, are a chemical treatment or device that prevents limescale buildup inside boilers. System to be installed on cold water line feeding the water heater. 【Premium Material】This scale inhibitor system is equipped with a durable and anti-rusting 304 stainless steel adapter. The CalMag unit can also be adapted for use with push-fit fittings. 4 days ago · ScaleWatcher 2 Star Electronic Water Conditioner and Scale Inhibitor. No chemicals required. Can anyone point me towards any information comparing the different methods and The scale inhibitor is an WRAS approved product with an all metal construction. For full details on supplier delivered products, please refer to our delivery details page. Easy to replace PeakFlow media – lasts up to 3 years. May 21, 2023 · Additionally, the Boiler-m8 NeoCal Magnetic Scale Inhibitor is only suitable for cold water treatment, which may limit its effectiveness in some situations. All metal construc­tion for dura­bility. After several months of descaling, hot water system efficiency will gradually increase. This product is the Calmag CalTronic Electronic Scale Inhibitor SI-CALTRONIC. Scale Inhibitors Scale inhibitors use Electrolytic or Magnetic technology in order to prevent the build up of limescale within hard water by inducing negative ions within the incoming water feed and therefore repelling Oct 1, 2001 · At 5°C, barium sulfate solubility is lower than that at 25°C by a factor of between 1. 2–0. Inject directly in your closed loop system through a bypass feeder or through mild piping and feeding equipment. No earth bonding is required. So no scale in cold water pipes, It has been said that after passing water through an 'inhibitor' in to a kettle and then boiling the water, some of the scale is kept in suspension. DESIGNED FOR USE WITH 3M Aqua-Pure Whole House Scale Inhibition Inline Water System AP430SS ; HELPS PROTECT HOT WATER HEATERS: Polyphosphates, included in this product, help to inhibit scale buildup in hot water heaters (both standard (gas or electric) and tank-less styles) and boilers. This combined magnetic & electrolytic scale inhibitor is suitable for installation on cold water lines for preventing the formation of limescale. Learn more about Veolia's deposition and scale control chemicals . This helps to inhibit and remove existing formations of scale, providing an Details. RXSOL ORG - 16 (Condenser Water Scale & Corrosion Inhibitor)contains low level Various scale inhibitors have usually been added to the circulating cold water, which is considered the most effective measure to increase the utilization rate, reduce the scale and corrosion of the equipment, and save water and energy. DIMENSIONS. The Liff Lime­fighter Compact from BWT is a profes­sional quality magnetic inline scale inhibitor and scale reducer. Captures Scale. Find a Stockist. Oct 10, 2007 · About this item . Jan 19, 2023 · Solid scale inhibitors are nano-sized (ca. Height: 35 mm. 90 each, Inc. Product Overview. The exact placement can vary depending on the system layout but should be positioned where it can effectively treat the water entering the system. 22mm Compression fittings. Any application where the water hardness is over 180 PPM and the water Scale Inhibitors and Antiscalants. The AP430SS products are ideally suited for installation on the supply side of a water heater and help to maintain maximum system efficiency and help extend their life. the metal surface, which slows down the corrosion rate, and maintains proper heat transfer e ff ect of May 1, 2024 · 10. The 3M Aqua-Pure AP430SS system helps prevent damage to your hot water heater from scale build-up. This Rusco hot water heater filter system is made of high impact polymer resin for maximum strength and durability. This scale inhibitor system can be installed on any pipeline adaptive to its interface. Appliances are at risk of hard scale damage. The product comes with 1/2NPT threads and 3/4NPT thread conversions, which can be used to connect water heaters with water pipes of different diameters. Lengthens life of appliances. Hard water affects 60% of the UK. £25. Scalemaster‚ Electrolytic is also ideal for individual appliances which incorporate stored water. It is highlighted that appropriate selection or rather optimization of RO configuration can result in savings of up to 5 % as compared to conventional design. Width: 35 mm. 31. Requiring no power supply or chem­i­cals, the compact Dec 3, 2021 · The whole house hot water heater scale inhibitor system is an exclusive scale inhibitor for water heaters. #1. A scale reducer alters the chemical properties of the boiler’s water supply, making it Back to Scale Inhibitors. CalGlow is supplied with choice of either 15mm or 22mm compression fittings. Overview. oil field scales forming due to. Prevent limescale build-up and extend the lifespan of your appliances with an electric water descaler. Shower heads are also descaled. No chemicals or additives required. Typically, they are used to protect boilers, although they will work to reduce limescale damage to any appliance. I am looking to fit a scale inhibitor to my domestic water system to reduce the lime scale build up in the heating system and the water system. Quick, low-cost way to avoid expensive hard water scale build-up. It is a polymer-based scale and corrosion inhibitor dispersant for anti-precipitating. Sep 28, 2020 · Scale inhibitors can circularize the insoluble inorganic salts, prevent scale deposition on. The Liff Lime­beater Compact from BWT is a profes­sional quality elec­trolytic inline scale inhibitor and scale reducer. It can be used in the prevention of corrosion, scale and deposit formation in drinking water systems. This can be used for both hot & cold water installations. In hard water areas, limescale damage can be a real problem. VAT. This data fills a gap in barium solubility at deepwater subsea temperatures. Nov 5, 2016 · Scale precipitation occurs at around 60c. The CalGlow should be installed on the cold water feed of individual hot water appliances, to prevent hard scale build-up in heat exchangers, and pipework in household water systems. Central heating systems, boilers, showers, taps, washing machines and dishwashers, are all affected. 2). S2. Water Softener. Dual technologies are combined in the CalGlow magnetic and electrolytic scale inhibitor. Find out how magnets can prevent limescale build-up in pipes and appliances, and whether they are effective or not. Limecscale is a build up of hard water minerals, to counter this you can soften the water with a limescale control filter. 99 Inc Vat. Water-King is an electronic water conditioner that inhibits scale formation in hot and cold water services, removes existing scale deposits and is the only product of its kind proven by independent laboratory tests to partially soften hot water. 05 (in 5 molal NaCl). System scaling and deposition can cause many problems within your operation. inhibitor in preventing BaSO. Compact size and high quality finish, ideal where space is limited and/or the finished installation is visible. High Flow Rate - The 3/4" NPT inlet/outlet connections of our water scale inhibitor ensure a powerful flow rate of up to 10 GPM. Water-King Electronic Water Softener & Descaler. Easy to install, maintenance-free, suitable for all pipes from 15-35mm (excluding lead). Scale inhibitors can circularize the insoluble inorganic salts, prevent scale Nov 29, 2005 · Scale Inhibitors. 15 (in pure water) and 5. APEC Water CS-2500P system delivers high quality filtered water at an affordable price. CalMag Magnetic Scale Inhibitor (15mm Compression) Hard water affects 60% of the UK and if left untreated, central heating systems and appliances are at risk of hard scale damage. The CalMag magnetic scale inhibitor is suitable for installation on cold water lines for the prevention of limescale formation. Undesirable scale deposits often cause numerous technical and economic problems such as total or partial obstruction of pipes leading to a decrease in flow rate; reduced heat transfer as scale precipitate is 15 to 30 times less conductive than steel; seizure of Description of Calmag CalLytic Electrolytic Scale Inhibitor 15mm SI-CALLYTIC-15: This product is the Calmag CalLytic Electrolytic Scale Inhibitor 15mm SI-CALLYTIC-15. 30 day money back guarantee. Had a refit recently and incorporated an Aquabion Mini …. Increases Durability: Protecting pipes, boilers, and hot water-using appliances from the destructive effects of hard scale can be accomplished by installing the Boiler-m8 NeoCal Electrolytic Scale Inhibitor on cold water lines. Aug 5, 2021 · Protect Your Appliances - This scale inhibitor system helps keep your water heaters, hot water using appliances, and plumbing fixtures protected from scale buildup while also maintaining efficiency and saving energy. It makes it a good option for the buyer to buy this product at a pocket-friendly price. Compact design for easier instal­la­tion. The Powermag sets up a specific magnetic field which has an effect on the hardness salts within the water. The much lower barium solubility We have very hard water and lime scale is a problem for all appliances and particularly the shower. Maintenance free and no earth bonding required. BWT’s Wrappa is a scale inhibitor, a compact elec­tronic condi­tioner that uses radio frequen­cies to alter the char­ac­ter­is­tics of the hard­ness minerals in water, preventing them from forming hard to remove scale deposits. High quality finish, ideal for visible instal­la­tions. It also contains a Zinc dispersant for the prevention of fouling and the dispersion of suspended solids. Inta Activflo Water Conditioner 15mm Af015. In industry, the scaling phenomenon may cause technical problems such as reduction of heat transfer efficiency in cooling systems and obstruction of pipes. We deliver Monday - Friday, between 7am and 7pm. each, Inc. Dec 1, 2008. Compression Fitting. The CalLytic Mini unit is suitable for use with 22mm and 15mm pipework and comes complete with 22mm-15mm pushfit fittings. Nov 18, 2022 · About this item 【Efficient scale inhibition】This scale inhibitor's food-grade polyphosphate can inhibit limescale formation by preventing calcium and magnesium ions from precipitating and combining, and reduce corrosion by forming a protective layer on the inner surfaces of shower heads, water heaters, faucets, pipelines, and other pipelines. To compliment our traditional scale and corrosion inhibitor products we now offer a comprehensive range of water filtration, water softening, reverse osmosis and ultraviolet disinfection units, all manufactured to the highest quality to give long term protection and peace of mind. Provides whole house protection from limescale. It inhibits limescale clogging and corrosion by trapping calcium and magnesium, the minerals responsible for hard water. vb kp ty wv mz sc na ag kz mj